Abstract

Personalized medicine has emerged as a transformative approach in the treatment of cancer, offering more targeted, effective, and less toxic therapies compared to traditional methods. This paper systematically reviews the role of personalized medicine in improving cancer therapy and patient outcomes, focusing on the integration of genomic profiling, biomarkers, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies. Personalized medicine allows for treatments tailored to the genetic makeup of individual patients, improving treatment efficacy and reducing side effects. However, despite its promising potential, the widespread adoption of personalized approaches is hindered by several challenges, including high costs, limited access, the need for further research, and ethical and regulatory concerns. This review provides insights into these barriers and offers recommendations for enhancing the accessibility and effectiveness of personalized medicine, including further research, infrastructure development, and policy reforms. By addressing these challenges, personalized medicine can significantly enhance cancer care, offering a more individualized, precise, and effective treatment paradigm.