Abstract

Herbal medicines have been used for centuries across various cultures and continue to play a vital role in modern pharmaceutical practices. With growing interest in natural therapies, the effectiveness of herbal medicines is frequently questioned and researched. This systematic review aims to examine the clinical efficacy, safety, and the potential mechanisms of action of herbal medicines. The review synthesizes findings from recent clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses to present a comprehensive evaluation of the role of herbal remedies in contemporary medicine. In particular, it focuses on the most widely studied herbs in the context of their pharmacological properties, therapeutic benefits, and adverse effects.